Focus Article - Beyond Hazardous Area Classification

In explosion and flash fire incidents, electrical arcs and electrostatic sparks are often considered to be primary ignition sources, because they are ā€œeverywhereā€ and can have sufficient energy to ignite most flammable gases and vapors and dense clouds of many combustible dusts.
However, there is a wide variety of other types of ignition sources; they include the following [References 1, 2, and 3], presented in the descending order of the likelihood and risk of ignition hazards in a chemical plant: